The 30-month long civil war, which ended in January 1970, resulted in 1-3 million . )exports: 27,509,177,000 cubic meters (2019 est. The Nigerian Armed Forces (NAF) are the combined military forces of Nigeria. The chairman is known as the senate president and he is the third in line of succession to the presidential seat. The Army has demonstrated its capability to mobilize, deploy, and sustain brigade-sized forces in support of peacekeeping operations in Liberia. This election was seen as Nigeria's most technologically advanced, with INEC deploying an electronic voter accreditation system and results-viewing portal that would enhance transparency and . MEASURES THAT CAN BE TAKEN TO PREVENT MILITARY INTERVENTION IN NIGERIAS POLITICS. This includes the acquisition of new armored vehicles, combat aircraft and aerial reconnaissance drones, and the refurbishing of naval vessels, which had suffered from a prolonged periods of poor or minimal maintenance. STRUCTURE OF MILITARY RULE The Armed Forces Ruling Council: This consist of the Head of State and the Commander In- Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, the Service Chiefs, Inspector General of Police, the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of the Federation and the Secretary to the military Government. The military are not trained in the act of governance. (male 3,635,334/female 4,123,030) 2022 population pyramid Dependency ratios )306.921 (2019 est. The federal level is presided over by the President. The President of Nigeria functions as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, exercising his constitutional authority through the Ministry of Defence, which is responsible for the management of the military and its personnel. Lets talk about each of these arms as they make the pieces of the Nigerian government structure a complete one. However, this process was shortlived by the military folks and less than 6 years after independence, Sir Ahmadu Bello; the post-independence leader of the country was overthrown. agriculture: 21.1% (2016 est. Nigeria is dominantly made of three prominent regions: the North (Hausa Fulani), the West (Yorubas) and the East (Igbos) with minorities in other regions.The military took over the leadership. )$42.839 billion (31 December 2018 est. There are 774 local government areas in the Nigerian government structure, with Kano having the largest number of 44 and the smallest number of 9 belonging to Bayelsa state. The NDC is chaired by the president, and its members include the Vice President of Nigeria, the Minister of Defence, the Chief of Defence Staff, the Chief of Army Staff, the Chief of Naval Staff and the Chief of Air Staff, as well as others the president is empowered to appoint. The Constitution is suspended and the regional government and electd assemblies are hereby dissolved. ), general assessment: one of the larger telecom markets in Africa subject to sporadic access to electricity and vandalism of infrastructure; most Internet connections are via mobile networks; market competition with affordable access; LTE technologies available but GSM is dominant; mobile penetration high due to use of multiple SIM cards and phones; government committed to expanding broadband penetration; operators to deploy fiber optic cable in six geopolitical zones and Lagos; operators invested in base stations to deplete network congestion; submarine cable break in 2020 slowed speeds and interrupted connectivity; Nigeria concluded its first 5G spectrum auction in 2021 and granted licenses to two firms; construction of 5G infrastructure has not yet been completed (2022)domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network; multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership base over 99 per 100 persons (2020)international: country code - 234; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, NCSCS, MainOne, Glo-1 & 2, ACE, and Equianofiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and South and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2019)note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services, nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations operational; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations typically carry their own programs except for news broadcasts; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available; digital broadcasting migration process completed in three states in 2018 (2019), total: 74,210,251 (2020 est. Particularly, due to the fact that many of the leaders and military officers murdered during that coup were northerners. Abdullahi Abacha, the 36-year-old son of the late Nigerian military dictator, Sani Abacha, is . )exports: 0 kWh (2019 est. Prior to this coup, many of the high ranking officials in the military felt that the first coup had been carried out to favour the Igbo people. [25] The Nigerian Army has been playing a major role in defence of Nigerian Democracy since the first republic till date. Provision of basic amenities like education, quality and affordable health care, good water, good roads, etc. )imports: 0 kWh (2019 est. The council performs executive functions with the President as the Chairman. Every Nigerian citizen must know about the government structure and to help you grasp the structure of the Nigerian government, this article presents all you need to know as it comes with texts, images and video. Register or login to make commenting easier. )agricultural: 5.51 billion cubic meters (2017 est. ), total: 18.6 yearsmale: 18.4 yearsfemale: 18.9 years (2020 est. The National Assembly serve as check on the executive arm of the government. [22] The army itself is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). It Use our classwork notes and past questions to prepare and pass Waec, Jamb and Neco once. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. [20], Since its creation, the Nigerian military has fought in a civil war the conflict with Biafra in 196770 and sent peacekeeping forces abroad, both with the United Nations and as the backbone of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) in Liberia and Sierra Leone. Discuss the reasons why the military involve in politics. It has two chambers: the upper chamber, and the lower chamber. It has also seized power twice at home (1966 & 1983). A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy. Provision and maintenance of public conveniences, and refuse disposal. So there was a break from military rule between 1976 and 1983. Lesson notes Disclaimer. The governor, deputy governor, and commissioners make up the STATE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. 2 (1970): 227251. The largely agrarian and subsistence-based economy is frequently disrupted by extended droughts common to the Sahel . The Federal government of Nigeria is composed of three distinct branches namely the legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested and bestowed upon them by the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the National Assembly, the President, and lastly the federal courts, which includes the Supreme Court which is regarded as The Nigerian civil war; the military was responsible for the civil war that claimed many lives. ), production: 44,000 metric tons (2020 est. (a) defending Nigeria from external aggression. )imports of goods and services: -13.2% (2017 est. The 109th senator comes from the federal capital territory, as only one senator can be elected from there. The coup plotters attacked Ibadan, Lagos and Kaduna within a period of 2 days. ), $50.856 billion (2021 est.) )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 3.65% (2021 est. Student Guides Be the first to know about new content and opportunities, Reasons for Military Intervention In Nigeria, The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria, The Weakness or Failure of Military Regime in Nigeria, The Military is hierarchical and centralised, It monopolises the instruments of violence, There is fusion of the executive and legislative arms of the Government, Involvement of civilians in the administration, Discipline and obedience to higher commands, Disputes over 1962 and 1963 census results, Allegation of corruption, nepotism etc among politicians, Low level of honest and reliable leadership, The Supreme Military Council (SMC); the Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC), Infrastructural developments e.g. But why? The Nigerian government structure is made up of its 3 levels, and 3 arms of government, and leadership structure. The speaker of the house is assisted by the deputy speaker of the house. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 1,889,100 bbl/day (2018 est. In 1914, the British amalgamated their separately administered northern and southern territories into modern-day Nigeria. Get on our mailing list. Its decrees could not be challenged in any law court. Nigerias sustained high population growth rate will continue for the foreseeable future because of population momentum and its high birth rate. )0.5% of GDP (2019) (approximately $3.53 billion)0.5% of GDP (2018) (approximately $3.72 billion)0.5% of GDP (2017) (approximately $3.42 billion), information varies; approximately 135,000 active duty armed forces personnel (100,000 Army; 20,000 Navy/Coast Guard; 15,000 Air Force); approximately 80,000 Security and Civil Defense Corps (2022), the military's inventory consists of a wide variety of imported weapons systems of Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, Russian (including Soviet-era), and US origin; the military is undergoing a considerable modernization program, and in recent years has received equipment from some 20 countries with China, Russia, and the US as the leading suppliers; Nigeria is also developing a defense-industry capacity, including small arms, armored personnel vehicles, and small-scale naval production (2023), 18-26 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service; no conscription (2022), 200 Ghana (ECOMIG) (2022)note: Nigeria has committed an Army combat brigade (approximately 3,000 troops) to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF), a regional counter-terrorism force comprised of troops from Benin, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger; MNJTF conducts operations against Boko Haram and other terrorist groups operating in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeast border; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although crossborder operations are conducted periodically, the Nigerian military is sub-Saharan Africas largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; the Army and Air Force are focused largely on internal security and face a number of challenges that have stretched their resources; the Army is deployed in all 36 of the country's states; in the northeast, it is conducting counterinsurgency/counterterrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in West Africa (ISIS-WA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35-40,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009; in the northwest, it faces growing threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and violence associated with long-standing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISIS-WA terrorists; bandits in the northwest are estimated to number in the low 10,000s and violence there has killed more than 10,000 people since the mid-2010s; the military also continues to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; since 2021, additional troops and security forces have been deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths), meanwhile, the Navy is focused on security in the Gulf of Guinea; since 2016, it has developed a maritime strategy, boosted naval training and its naval presence in the Gulf, increased participation in regional maritime security efforts, and acquired a considerable number of new naval platforms, including offshore and coastal patrol craft, fast attack boats, and air assets; its principal surface ships currently include a frigate and 4 corvettes or offshore patrol ships, the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, "Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea", Boko Haram; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham West Africa; Jamaatu Ansarul Muslimina Fi Biladis-Sudan (Ansaru)note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Nigeria-Cameroon: Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately ceded sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phaseout of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; demarcation of the Bakassi Peninsula and adjoining border areas should be finalized in 2022; as Lake Chads evaporation exposed dry land, only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries, Nigeria-Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea: the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation, refugees (country of origin): 87,220 (Cameroon) (2023)IDPs: 3.17 million (northeast Nigeria; Boko Haram attacks and counterinsurgency efforts in northern Nigeria; communal violence between Christians and Muslims in the middle belt region, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; cattle rustling; competition for resources) (2023), a significant source for cannabis cultivation and methamphetamine production; a major place for transnational drug trafficking networks that supply cocaine to Asia and Europe, heroin to Europe and North America, and methamphetamine to South Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia, and New Zealand; traffickers also involved in the transportation, facilitation, and distribution of illicitly diverted tramadol, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). We have JSS & SSS lesson notes. While most movement of Nigerians is internal, significant emigration regionally and to the West provides an outlet for Nigerians looking for economic opportunities, seeking asylum, and increasingly pursuing higher education. The senate president is assisted by the deputy senate president in the guidance and regulation of the proceedings in the senate. The federal government is the top notch level of government in the Nigerian government structure. )wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Regionalism was introduced to the Nigeria system by the Richards Constitution. Also, some of the civilians that spoke against these imprisonments were also imprisoned; prominent among them was Beko Ransome-Kuti. ), total subscriptions: 204,228,678 (2020 est. Every governor has a deputy governor to help in overseeing the affairs of the state. Nigeria is a Rentier state. Economic Community of West African States, Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji, "Nigeria 2021 Signed Budget - Pages 22 - 51", https://studyhq.net/national-defence-council/, "Report: Corruption in Nigeria - Military Capabilities", "Waging War to Keep the Peace: The ECOMOG Intervention and Human Rights (Human Rights Watch Report, June 1993)", "Nigeria sends troops, jets to Senegal for Gambia force", "UPDATE 2-Nigeria will boost oil output if OPEC asks", "Taxation and State Participation in Nigeria's Oil and Gas Sector", "Military graft undermines Nigeria's fight against Boko Haram: Transparency International", "Report: Corruption in Nigerian Military Benefits Boko Haram", "Nigerian Army fields Isotrex armoured vehicles", "Nigerian Air Force inducts three JF-17 Thunder multirole aircraft", "Promoting International Energy Security: Volume 4, The Gulf of Guinea", "Library of Congress Country Studies, Nigeria", "Gowon Ousted in Nigeria; Coup ends NineYear Rule", "National Defence College - Background and History", "Defence Ministry promotes democratic value in Army", "Buhari appoint Major General Farouk Yahaya as new Chief of Army Staff", "Nigerian Navy release new appointments of senior officers", "Nigerian Air Force trains 200 personnel abroad", "JTF operations increased oil production output to 2 million barrel per day", "New Joint Task Force Commander In The Niger Delta Promises Oil Thieves 'No Mercy, Tough Time', "The 5 previous West African military interventions", "Nigeria and conflict resolution in Africa: The Darfur experience", "UNITED NATIONS INDIA-PAKISTAN OBSERVATION MISSION (UNIPOM) Facts and Figures", "UNITED NATIONS IRAN-IRAQ MILITARY OBSERVER GROUP (UNIIMOG) Background (Full text)", "UNMISET: United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor Facts and Figures", "MONUC Facts and Figures United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo", List of Military Health Care Facilities Under DHML, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nigerian_Armed_Forces&oldid=1142291450, (1) There shall be an armed forces for the federation, which shall consist of an, (2) The federation shall, subject to an Act of the National Assembly made in that behalf, equip and maintain the armed forces as may be considered adequate and effective for the purpose of . government nearer to the people (most especially people in the rural areas) has prompted the Federal Government of Nigeria to introduce a number of significant reform measures to local government administration, particularly since 1976. Reasons for Military Intervention in Nigeria, C. The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria, D. Achievements of the Military Rule in Nigeria, E. The Weakness or Failures of the Military Regime in Nigeria, I love this.I gain knowledge everday and New things. Suitable For: Students & Teachers The Nigerian Air Force was formally established in January 1964, with technical assistance from West Germany. Altogether 38 soldiers and 1 civilian were executed by firing squad as a result of their involvement in this coup. Soldiers don't belong on the streetsand the army is uniquely placed to pressure the government for police reforms to tackle. There were several failed coups. [23] The U.S. commercial military contractor, Military Professional Resources Inc. has been involved around 19992000 in advising on civil-military relations for the armed forces.[24]. OGUNNAIKE, Sotu OMOIGUI and P.O. The government continues to face the daunting task of institutionalizing democracy and reforming a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through decades of corruption and mismanagement. ), forest revenues: 1.02% of GDP (2018 est. The top 5 citizens of Nigeria are: Ever wondered how governments raise and spend money? A complete overhaul is needed, including accountability for human rights abuses, if Nigerians are not to be left at the mercy of Boko Haram and other armed groups. ), total: 3.7% (2020 est. It is divided into: Arms of Government In Nigeria and Their Functions. The local governmentin Nigeria is the third and the last level of government in Nigerian government structure. Fundamental human rights should be respected by everybody in the country especially the politicians and military. Nigeria has continued a strict policy of diversification in her military procurement from various countries. The Civil Service: It was made up of both the Secretary to the military government and the Head of Service. [5] With a force of more than 2,230,000 active personnel, the Nigerian military is one of the largest uniformed combat services in Africa. Conflicttriggered by political competition and communal, ethnic, religious or resource allocation rivalriesposes a major threat to democracy. At the apex of government was the all-military Supreme Military Council (SMC), which was the lawmaking body for the entire federation. note: data are in current year dollars$100.82 billion (2019 est.) It is the level of government that is closer to the people and is within the people. However, the Buhari Government was in power for just 20 months as Major General Ibrahim Babangida would later stage a coup on the 27thof August 1985 leading to the ouster of the Buhari-led Government. Lack of respect for the rule of law; the military does not respect the rule of law because the military rule is conducted without a constitution. We have in the apex the big Commander-in-Chief and it then goes down. Nigeria operates a bicameral legislature at the federal level, and a unicameral legislature at the state level. The Nigerian Air force is currently headed by Air Marshal Isiaka Oladayo Amao. The following is a list of the military presidents that ruled Nigeria in the past: "Military Rule in Nigeria: History, Advantages & Disadvantages" by Abass, Nigerianfinder. [30], There is a Joint Task Force in the Niger Delta region designated-- "Restore Hope". ), women married by age 15: 15.7%women married by age 18: 43.4%men married by age 18: 3.2% (2018 est. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. They have the following duties to perform: Now, lets talk about the arms of government in Nigeria. )306.084 (2018 est. )biomass and waste: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est.

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